Presentation structure
Effective
Presentation Techniques
1. Use visual aids
Using pictures in your presentations instead of words can double
the chances of meeting your objectives.
2. Keep it short and sweet
3. Use the rule of three
A simple technique is that people tend to only remember three
things. Work out what the three messages that you want your audience to take
away and structure your presentation around them. Use a maximum of three points
on a slide.
4. Rehearse
Practice makes for perfect performance. Many experts say that
rehearsal is the biggest single thing that you can do to improve your
performance. Perform your presentation out loud at least four times. One of
these should be in front of a real scary audience. Family, friends or colleagues.
Even the dog is better than nothing.
5. Tell stories
6. Lose the bullet points – don’t put your speaker notes up on
the screen
Bullet points are the kiss of death for most presentations. Most
people use bullet points as a form of speaker notes. To make your presentation
more effective put your speaker notes in your notes and not up on the screen.
7. Video yourself
Set up a video camera and video yourself presenting. You will
see all sorts of mistakes that you are making, from how you are standing, if
you are jangling keys, to how well your presentation is structured.
8. Know what slide is coming next
9. Have a back-up plan
10. Check out the presentation room
NINE
RHETORICAL DEVICES FOR YOUR NEXT SPEECH
1. Alliteration: The repetition of a sound in the first syllable
of each phrase. In the first example below, you will see one string of three
words beginning with “f,” and another with three words beginning with “d.” In
the second example, you will see Dr. King’s riff on the letter “t.”
“They are part of the finest
fighting force that the world has ever known. They have served tour after tour
of duty in distant, different, and difficult places.” – President Barack Obama
“With this faith we will be able to work together, to
pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for
freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.” – Martin Luther King,
Jr.
2. Anadiplosis: The last word or phrase is repeated to begin the next.
“Suffering breeds character;
character breeds faith.” – Rev. Jesse Jackson
“Fear leads to anger. Anger leads to hate. Hate leads
to suffering.” – Yoda
3. Antimetabole: The repetition of words or phrases in successive
clauses, but in reverse order.
“Not all schooling is education
nor all education, schooling.” – Economist Milton Friedman
“Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence.” –
Scientist Carl Sagan
4. Antithesis: A word, phrase, or sentence opposes the original
proposition.
“I have a dream that my four
little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by
the color of their skin but by the content of their character.” – Martin Luther
King, Jr.
“That’s one small step for man, one giant leap for
mankind.” – Neil Armstrong
5. Asyndeton: Omits conjunctions, which helps to increase the tempo
and highlight a specific idea.
“…and that government of the
people, by the people, for the people shall not perish from the earth.” –
Abraham Lincoln
“He was a bag of bones, a floppy doll, a broken stick,
a maniac.” – Jack Kerouac
6. Diacope: A repeated word or phrase split up by other words;
typically used to express a strong emotion.
“Put out the light, and then put
out the light.” – William Shakespeare, Othello
“For the love of God, man, for
the love of God.” – Me, all the time
“You’re not fully clean unless you’re Zestfully
clean.” – Zest Soap commercial
7. Litotes: You’ve probably heard this if a friend ever told you her
first date was “not bad.” Litotes is essentially a double negative, expressed
by denying an opposite idea; often used ironically.
“She’s no dummy” (she’s smart)
“This is no small problem” (this is a big problem)
8. Metaphor: An analogy that compares one thing or idea to another,
using a term or phrase it literally isn’t to suggest similarity.
“Homeowners are the innocent
bystanders in a drive-by shooting by Wall Street and Washington.” – Sen. John
McCain
“It’s raining men.” – The Weather Girls
9. Simile: A comparison between two unalike things, usually
using the words “as” or “like.”
“We will not be satisfied until
justice rolls down like waters, and righteousness like a mighty stream.” –
Martin Luther King, Jr.
“You’re as cold as ice.” – Foreigner
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